Cleveland Clinic is home to many major medical breakthroughs in its history, ranging from the first First coronary angiography (1952) to the discovery of an intestinal bacteria product (TMAO) that can predict heart disease risk (2013). Cleveland Clinic discoveries and innovations are born out of a renowned culture in which critical mass is deployed to continually advance patient care. Cleveland Clinic Innovations (CCI) and Cleveland Clinic Ventures (CCV) work together to assess, protect, build, test and market the most promising ideas of our 51,000+ caregivers. This has resulted in a portfolio of over 1,200 issued patents, 550+ license agreements, and 80+ spin-off companies.